Social Status of African American Community in Cleveland Essay

Social Status of African American Community in Cleveland - Essay Example Fleming as the first black man in the city council. Edna Hunter, on the other hand, supported the unmarried black girls through Phillis Wheatley Association. Wealthy Black invested in real estate, a municipal power plant was established, and later Ernest Bohn introduced public housing in Cleveland and rest of the United States. Each of these efforts worked to develop the deteriorating city condition and livelihoods. Keyword: African Americans, Blacks, Whites, PWA, Municipal Power Plant, Municipal Lighting System, Thomas, W. Fleming, Politics, Migration, Cleveland’s Reality , Housing and Investment Company, Ernest Bohn, Public Housing, Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority Introduction and problem statement: During the end of the 19th century and the early decades of the 20th century, there was a mass migration of the African American people from the South headed to the North. Majority of these people and their families had been slaves on plantations owned by white men. Over time, life was becoming intolerable and a new revolution was setting in. A large number migrated from the rural south into the urban North to look for a better life and opportunities. Cleveland in Ohio was one of the many destinations that the black community populated within a few years. However, African Americans arrival in Cleveland was faced by both social and health problems, ranging from disease outbreaks and racism, which was a barrier to accessing health and social facilities. 1. What was PWA? The defenseless, young, and unmarried African American girls faced numerous risks such as suspicious and unprincipled employers and agencies in Cleveland. Having shared similar difficulties like early age domestic work, Jane Edna hunter founded an association known as ‘Working Girls Home Association’ in 1911, to house and support these girls (Cleveland Historical Team, n.d.). Basically, it was established as an organization to help the unmarried black girls by providing t hem with affordable housing. Within a few years, the organization increased its capacity of boarding girls and changed its name into Phillis Wheatley Association. As it expanded, it sought to uplift the welfare and efforts of the housed girls and the larger African American community with recreational activities. They learned and improved their skills through sewing, cooking, sports, handicraft, sports, and dramatization activities among others (â€Å"Phillis Wheatley,† n.d). In modern times, it plays a critical role in Cleveland’s community by providing diverse programs and social services to support the different age groups. All her life, Jane Edna hunter’s venture was in social work, which she committed to support her society. Apart from the challenges in her early life, Edna hunter had acquired education by the time she came to Cleveland. She had a nursing degree from Virginia, had previously acquired domestic work experiences, hired as a private nurse for s everal Cleveland’s prominent families before she began the foundation, and later studied law and passed the Ohio bar in 1925 (â€Å"Jane Edna,† n.d.). The controversy surrounding the association rose from the divided black community and challenges over its financial problems and leadership.

Wo'men and society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wo'men and society - Assignment Example Women working in chicken processing, computer manufacturing, and housecleaning and manicuring have the tendency of poor health and giving birth to unhealthy children. The debate arises on why contamination affects women more. The simple answer to this women and children has low birth weight and weak immunity due to which they suffer more. One protective mechanism for infants is access to breastfeeding. Environmentalists argue that the current civil rights are not protective of people’s health because they ask for evidence against environmental hazards. Women have always had the upper hand in the food department either in the households or the in the kitchens of restaurants. Studies also show that low income neighborhoods have more fast food joints and supermarkets which do not sell healthy food. The increasing population of the world calls for more food production. The number of farming systems that are biodiverse, enhance pest control, increase pollination and reduce risks of global warming should be increased. Women play a vital role in the establishment of such farms. There is no decreased amount of food in the world, but the political instability has caused the pseudo shortage of food. Increment in population is also an issue the world faces. Population changes are directly proportional to climate changes, immigration issues and issues of security. Population issues can be assessed by ecological foot printing, which shows the amount of energy, land, water and resources is consumed by country. This is a productive tool which assesses consumption changes. Current studies show that there is an increase in the access to uncontaminated water. Clean water serves as source of strength among countries. The surface of earth is covered with water but in the form of glaciers and salt-water. Americans have favored bottled water over tap water, but the making of bottled water consumes large quantities of oil and plastic. Companies such as Pepsi and Coca-Cola have been